Flight Crew Task Management in Non-normal Situations

Task management (TM) is always performed on the flight deck, although not always explicitly, consistently, or rigorously. Nowhere is TM as important as it is in dealing with non-normal situations. The objective of this study was to analyze pilot TM behavior for non-normal situations. Specifically, the study observed pilots’ performance in a full workload environment in order to discern their TM strategies. This study identified four different TM prioritization and allocation strategies: ‘Aviate-Navigate-CommunicateManage Systems;’ ‘Perceived Severity;’ ‘Procedure Based;’ and ‘Event/Interrupt Driven.’ Subjects used these strategies to manage their personal workload and to schedule monitoring and assessment of the situation. The ‘Perceived Severity’ strategy for personal workload management combined with the ‘AviateNavigate-CommunicateManage Systems’ strategy for monitoring and assessing appeared to be the most effective (fewest errors and fastest response times) in responding to the novel system failure used in this study.